Upacara minum teh jepang

(茶道, sadō, chadō, jalan teh) adalah ritual tradisional Jepang dalam menyajikan teh untuk tamu. Pada zaman dulu disebut chatō (茶の湯, chatō?) atau cha no yu. Upacara minum teh yang diadakan di luar ruangan disebut nodate.

Teh disiapkan secara khusus oleh orang yang mendalami seni upacara minum teh dan dinikmati sekelompok tamu di ruangan khusus untuk minum teh yang disebut chashitsu. Tuan rumah juga bertanggung jawab dalam mempersiapkan situasi yang menyenangkan untuk tamu seperti memilih lukisan dinding (kakejiku), bunga (chabana), dan mangkuk keramik yang sesuai dengan musim dan status tamu yang diundang.

Teh bukan cuma dituang dengan air panas dan diminum, tapi sebagai seni dalam arti luas. Upacara minum teh mencerminkan kepribadian dan pengetahuan tuan rumah yang mencakup antara lain tujuan hidup, cara berpikir, agama, apresiasi peralatan upacara minum teh dan cara meletakkan benda seni di dalam ruangan upacara minum teh (chashitsu) dan berbagai pengetahuan seni secara umum yang bergantung pada aliran upacara minum teh yang dianut.

Seni upacara minum teh memerlukan pendalaman selama bertahun-tahun dengan penyempurnaan yang berlangsung seumur hidup. Tamu yang diundang secara formal untuk upacara minum teh juga harus mempelajari tata krama, kebiasaan, basa-basi, etiket meminum teh dan menikmati makanan kecil yang dihidangkan.

Pada umumnya, upacara minum teh menggunakan teh bubuk matcha yang dibuat dari teh hijau yang chanoyu2digiling halus. Upacara minum teh menggunakan matcha disebut matchadō, sedangkan bila menggunakan teh hijau jenis sencha disebut senchadō.


Dalam percakapan sehari-hari di Jepang, upacara minum teh cukup disebut sebagai ocha (teh). Istilah ocha no keiko bisa berarti belajar mempraktekkan tata krama penyajian teh atau belajar etiket sebagai tamu dalam upacara minum teh.

History and Art

Much has been written about the history of Japan, but as we all know, history is not always true. To see actual history, we must look at what is painted, carved and printed as art! This means that the common people are the ones who really know what is happening in their own country and their artistic work shows it.
We can see, in the carvings of netsuke, paintings and woodblock prints, the views of foreigners that the old Japanese had. They showed the strange dress and manners of the foreign people. The government was, generally, against foreigners and any of their ideas. The common people, however, wanted the products and benefits that the new visitors could give to Japan.
The arrival in Tokyo Bay, in 1853, of an American fleet under Commodore Matthew Perry, started many changes in Japan. Much foreign technology was adopted and shortly after that visit, the Meiji Restoration began Japan’s growth into a position of world power.
In Yokohama, which was often called “The Wildwest of the Far East” due its violent nature, the foreign visitors were exciting art subjects and not considered as enemies at all. Their inventions charmed the people. The designers, carvers, printers and publishers of woodblock prints are what we can consider as the real historians of that time.
We must always look at art to show us the true sprit of a nation. That is one of the reasons that I like Japan so much. It shows me its real feelings, culture and heart through its splendid art and customs!

Origami

Origami adalah seni melipat kertas (ori=lipat, gami/kami=kertas)

Origami (origami) (from oru meaning “folding”, and kami meaning “paper”) is the traditional Japanese art of paper folding. The goal of this art is to create a representation of an object using geometric folds and crease patterns preferably without the use of gluing or cutting the paper, and using only one piece of paper.

Origami only uses a small number of different folds, but they can be combined in a variety of ways to make intricate designs. The most well known form is probably the Japanese paper crane. In general, these designs begin with a square sheet of paper whose sides may be different colors or prints.